2021年10月自考：专升本阶段《英语（一）》考点串讲

2021年10月自考：专升本阶段《英语（一）》考点串讲,Learnnewwordsandphrases1.weaken:v削弱、减弱，字根：weak:a虚弱的构词形式：adj/n+en或en+adj/n=vShorten,enlarge,enable,enrich,loosen,tightenetc.2.nationwide:a全国范围的，通过该词我们可以得到：worldwide:全世界范围的，regionwide,etc.3.legal:a合法的，反义词：illegal,不合法的;legalize:v使…合法化。TheNetherlandsbecamethefirstcountrytolegalizeeuthanasia.4.ensure:v确保、担保，常见用法如下：1).Thepolicecanensurethewitnessfromdanger.2).Wecanensurethattheworkwillbedoneintherightway.5.oppose:v反对、对抗;名词：opposition,形容词：opposed1).Whathesaidwastotallyopposedtothefacts.2).Manypeopleopposebuildinganewhighwaybecauseofthegreatcost.6.tradition:n传统，由此可以联想到：traditional:a;traditionally:ad;反义词为：modern1)._____Chinesemedicineisbelievedtobeeffectiveformanydiseases.2).It"simportanttokeepupthefine____ofplainlivingandhardwork.3).Christmasis____aholidayforafamilytogettogether.Answers:Traditional,tradition,traditionally7.consideration:n考虑、体谅、照顾，由此可以联想到：Consider:v考虑;considerate:a体谅的，beconsiderateof;considerable:a相当多的。请练习一下：1).Losing30poundschangedherappearance_____.2).Itisvery____ofyoutosendmeabirthdaycard.3).Thematterisreceivingtheserious____ofthemanager.4).Heleftbehindhima____amountofdebt.Answers:considerably,considerate,consideration,considerable8.disabled:a残疾的，伤残的，由此可以联想到：able:a有能力的;beabletodosth;unable:a没有能力的;enable:v使人能够enablesbtodosth;ability:n能力;disable:v使人残疾1).Aslongastheyarephysically____,theytendtoliveontheirown.2).The_____tobeclearlyheardisextremelyimportantforanyspeaker.3).I"dliketogotothecinema,butI"m_____to.4).Educationshould____everystudenttodevelopmorally,intellectuallyandphysically.5).Acaraccident____himfromplayingfootball.6).Specialcareshouldbegiventothe______.Answers:able,ability,unable,enable,disabled(v),disabled(a)9.prohibition:n禁止、禁令，prohibit:vprohibitsbfromdoingsth;10.sensitive:a敏感的，besensitivetosb/sth;同根词：sensible:a明智的，besensibleofsth1).Iamsensitivetoyourcriticism.2).It"ssensibleofyoutomakesuchadecision.Analyzetheimportantsentencesamongthetext1.Affectedwithaseriousdisease,VanWendelwasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecoveryandthathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating.(p2)译：因患有严重的疾病，VanWendel再也不能清楚地讲话了，他知道他已经没有康复的可能，其病情正在迅速恶化。句子分析：Affectedwithaseriousdisease是过去分词短语做原因状语，可以改写成原因状语从句：becausehewasaffectedwithaseriousdisease,….另外，therewasnohopeofrecovery和thathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating都是动词knew的宾语。词组：beaffectedwithsth患有…疾病。如：Allthecowsinthefarmareaffectedwithmad-cowdisease.hopeofrecovery:康复的希望。2.VanWendel"slastthreemonthsoflifebeforebeinggivenafinal,lethalinjectionbyhisdoctorwerefilmedandshowedonTVlastyearintheNetherlands.(p3)译：VanWendel在他的医生给她进行最后结束生命的那一阵之前的后三个月的生活被拍成了电影并于去年在荷兰的电视上首次播映。句子分析：该句的主语较长，were之前均是。其中，核心名词VanWendel"slastthreemonthsoflife，后面的beforebeinggivenafinal,lethalinjectionbyhisdoctor是动名词的被动语态做定语。film这里当动词用，拍电影。3.Theprogrammehassincebeenboughtby20countriesandeachtimeitisshown,itstartsanationwidedebateonthesubject.(p3)译：这个节目此后被二十个国家所购买。每次放映，都引起一场关于这个主题的全国性的大讨论。句子分析：这是一个常考句子。考点一：since:adv从那以后;考点二：eachtime是名词作时间状语，前面不用介词;考点三：debateonsth关于…的讨论。4.However,doctorswhocarryouteuthanasiaunderstrictguidelinesintroducedbytheDutchParliamenttwoyearsagoareusuallynotprosecuted.(p4)译：然而，在荷兰议会两年前提出的议案的指导原则下执行安乐死的医生，通常是不会被起诉的。句子分析：该句核心内容有三点：carryout…实施，执行;under…guidelines在…原则下，under是按照，根据的意思;introducedbytheDutchParliamenttwoyearsago是过去分词短语做定语，修饰guidelines。5.Shoulddoctorsbeallowedtotakethelivesofothers?(p5)译：医生应该被允许去结束他人的性命吗?句子分析：该句中主要核心内容是：情态动词的被动语态。情态动词+be+动词过去分词。如：Inhotdays,flowersmustbewateredeveryday.6.CicelySaunders,PresidentoftheNationalHospiceCouncilandafoundermemberofthehospicemovement,arguesthateuthanasiadoesn"ttakeintoaccountthattherearewaysofcaringforthedying.(p8)译：C.S是国家收容所委员会的主席和收容运动的发起人，认为安乐死并没有考虑到照顾临终病人有多种方式。句子分析：主语CicelySaunders，PresidentoftheNationalHospiceCouncilandafoundermemberofthehospicemovement是主语的同位语，谓语后面是一个宾语从句，而其中又包括一个小的宾语从句。重要词组：takesthintoaccount=takesthintoconsideration将…考虑在内。如：whenjudginghisperformance,don"ttakehisageintoaccount.另一个词组：carefor关心某人。7.It"sveryeasyinsocietynowfortheelderly,thedisabledandthedependenttofeelthattheyareburdens,andthereforethattheyoughttooptout.(p8)译：这很容易使老人们，残疾人和依靠别人生存的人感觉到他们是负担，因此应该选择离开人世。句子分析：该句it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，tofeelthattheyareburdens,andthereforethattheyoughttooptout。另外还请注意：theelderly,thedisabledandthedependent是属于：the+adj所构成的固定表达方式，相当于elderlypeople,disabledpeopleanddependentpeoole,是复数概念，因此若作主语句子的谓语动词应用复数形式。如：Inourcountry,theoldaretakengoodcareofbytheyoung.词组：optout选择放弃。如：IthinkI"lloptoutthegame.

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