全国历年试题：2021年1月自考综合英语（二）试题

I.语法、词汇。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththemostlikelyanswer.（15points）1.Much______beensaidabouttheproblembutnothing_______beendonesofar.A.has，hadB.had，hasC.had，hadD.have，have2.I‘dliketohave______withyousometimethisweekaboutyourapproachingexams.A.awordB.somewordC.somewordsD.oneword3.Myauntwasadancerandshewenton______stageat______ageofeight.A.the，anB./，theC.the，theD.a，/4.Tomorrowwillbecloudy，withafewsunny______.A.intervalsB.periodsC.stepsD.instance5.He‘sbeenunemployedforawholeyearandiscraving________achancetowork.A.toB.forC.atD.in6.Theworld‘ssuppliesofpetroleum______.A.havegraduallyexhaustedB.arebeinggraduallyexhaustedC.aregraduallyexhaustingD.aregraduallyexhausted7.Inmanypartsoftheworldtheonly________watersupplyliesbelowtheground.A.continuousB.permanentC.instantD.constant8.Sincelifeisshortandtheworldiswide，______youstartexploringit________.A.theearly，thebetterB.thequicklier，thebetterC.thesooner，thebetterD.thequick，thebetter9.Thisisthecomputer_______wehavehadsomuchtrouble.A.towhichB.atwhichC.withwhichD.ofwhich10.Withouttreesourworld_______amuchdrierplace.A.isB.willbeC.wouldbeD.mustbe11.Iwouldappreciate______itasecret.A.yourkeepingB.youtokeepC.thatyoukeepD.thatyouwillkeep12.IwishI___________longerthismorning，butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.A.couldhavesleptB.sleptC.mighthavesleptD.haveslept13.Thisticket___________youtoafreemealinournewrestaurant.A.givesB.grantsC.entitlesD.credits14.Despitethewonderfulactingandwell-developedplotthe___________moviecouldnotholdourattention.A.three-hoursB.three-hourC.three-hours‘D.three-hour’s15.Untilthen，hisfamily____________fromhimforsixmonths.A.didn‘thearB.hasn’tbeenhearingC.hasn‘theardD.hadn’theardⅡ。完形填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）Fillineachblankinthepassagewiththemostlikelyanswer.（15points）Fromchildhoodtooldage，wealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst16，theywerelikenewbornchildren，unabletousethis17tool.Yetoncelanguagedeveloped，thepossibilitiesforhumankindsfuture18andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguists（语言学家）believethatevolutionis19forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They20thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesus21aninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower22.Proponents（建议者）ofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour23forlanguageisinborn，butthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually，24afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecriticalbiologicaltimesforlanguagedevelopment.Current25ofinnatenesstheoryaremixed，however，evidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.26，moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin27grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing28.tothem，whileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncetherulesoftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed.29someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnate，languagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen30fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthatinteractionwithotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguageacquisitionthananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitative，learnedbehavior.Inotherwords，childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild‘slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.16.A.generatedB.evolvedC.bornD.originated17.A.valuableB.appropriateC.convenientD.favorite18.A.attainmentsB.feasibilityC.entertainmentsD.evolution19.A.essentialB.availableC.reliableD.responsible20.A.confirmB.informC.claimD.convince21.A.forB.fromC.ofD.with22.A.organizationsB.organismsC.humansD.children23.A.potentialB.performanceC.preferenceD.passion24.A.asB.justasC.likeD.unlike25.AreviewsB.referenceC.reactionD.recommendation26.A.InawordB.InasenseC.IndeedD.Inotherwords27.A.variousB.differentC.thehigherD.thelower28.A.revealedB.exposedC.engagedD.involved29.A.AlthoughB.WhetherC.SinceD.When30.A.distinguishedB.differentC.protectedD.isolatedⅢ。难句释义。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）Choosetheclosestparaphrasedversionforeachofthesentencesoritalicizedparts.（10points）31.Theherocreatedhimself；thecelebrityiscreatedbythemedia.A.Theherowasadmiredforwhattheyhaddoneforsociety；thecelebrityburstontothescenebytheworkofthemedia.B.Theheromadeitthroughthcirownefforts；thecelebrityachievesfamebecauseofhisgoodrelationswiththemedia.C.Theheroofthepastwasactive；today‘scelebrityispassive.D.Theheropublicizedhimself；thecelebrityispublicizedbythemedia.32.Therewasacrashthatmadeallthemostviolentcrashesofhispastlifeseemlikethesouncloffallingdust.A.Comparedwiththemostviolentcrashesinthepast，thisoneseemedasgentleasdustfalling.B.Comparedwiththisear-splittingcrash，alltheothercrashesinhispastlifeseemednothing.C.Inhispastlifehehadneverexperiencedacrashofsuchforceastomakefallingdustseemviolent.D.Whenthiscrashoccurred，itsdeafeningnoisedrownedallothernoises；sonoonecouldheardustfalling.33.Everystudentshouldregularlyexperiencethe“Aha！”________whensomethingyouneverunderstood，orsomethingyouneverknewwasamystery，becomesclear.A.Whenstudentssuddenlycometounderstandsomethingnew，orwhentheysolveamystery，theyusuallyshout：“Aha！”B.Studentsshouldkeeplearningnewthingssothattheycanfeelthejoyofdiscoveringwhattheydidn‘tunderstandbefore.C.Studentsshouldoftenchangesubjectsintheirstudiessothattheycanexperiencesurprises，whichmakeslearningmoreenjoyable.D.Iflearningismademoresurprisingandmysterious，studentswillneverfinditboring.34.Itwasinhermindtosharetheirrefuge.A.Thethoughtthattheyshouldsharetherefugewasconstantlytroublingher.B.Shewaswonderingiftheyshouldsharetheirshelterwiththeneighbors.C.Shedidn‘tmindthattheirsheltershouldbemadeapublicplace.D.Shethoughttheyshouldsharetheirshelterwiththeneighbors.35.Thatdidnotanswer；thesherrywasalittletoodry.A.Hiseffortsofsellingsherryprovedafailure；thesherrywasnotmoistenough.B.Nobodyansweredhishawking；peopledidnotbuyhissherrybecauseitwastoodry.C.Histrailofsellingsherrydidnotprovideasolution；hesoonbecametiredofitagain.D.Hedidnotgetmoneyinthisbusiness；thesherrydriedoutandhehadnothingtosell.36.Nothingwastoogoodforthatchild（Laura）。A.Lauradeservedwhateverherparentsdidforher.B.Laurawasaspoiltchildandshewashardtoplease.C.Lauranevertookherparents‘loveandcareforgranted.D.Laurawasuntouchednomatterwhatherparentsdidforher.37.IfIcareaboutyou，I‘mconcernedaboutyourgrowth，andIhopeyouwillbecomeallthatyoucanbecome.A.……youwillbecomewhatyouwanttobe.B.……youwilleventuallybecomeagiftedperson.C.……youwilldevelopallyourabilitiestothefull.D.……youwillbecapableofdoingallsortsofjobs.38.Romanceistheprivilegeoftherich，nottheprofessionoftheunemployed.A.Thepoorshouldnotfallinlovethewaytherichdo.B.Therichcanberomantic；thejoblessshouldbepractical.C.Therichcanaffordtolove；thejoblessmustseekaliving.D.Thepoor，withoutajob，shouldbewiseenoughnottofallinlove.39.Childisabelievingcreature.Cliffundoubtedlybelievedthem.A.Achildalwayswantsadultstobelievehim.B.Achildreadilyacceptswhatadultssay.C.Achildneverrejectswhatadultstellhimtodo.D.Achildneverthinksthatadultscanberight.40.I‘llhavetolieagainandsaywecamedownwithfoodpoisoning，orsomething.A.……foodpoisoningkeptusinbed.B.……aseriousdiseaseaffectedourhealth.C.……wesufferedfromanillnesssuchasfoodpoisoning.D.……wesufferedfromfoodpoisoningorsomethinglikethat.IV.阅读理解。阅读短文，根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）Readthetwopassagesandanswerthequestions.（20points）Passage1Attentiontodetailissomethingeveryonecanandshoulddoespeciallyinatightjobmarket.BobCrossley，ahuman-resourcesexpertnoticesthisinthejobapplicationsthatcomecrosshisdeskeveryday.“It‘samazinghowmanycandidateseliminatethemselves，”hesays.“Resumes（简历）arrivewithstains.Whileothercandidatesdon’tbothertospellthecompany‘sthingsatthecostofsomethinglargertheyworktoward.”Tokeepfromlosingtheforestforthetrees，“saysCharlesGarfield，associateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia，SanFrancisco，”wemustconstantlyaskourselveshowthedetailswe’reworkingonfitintothelargerpicture.Iftheydon‘tfitwell，weshoulddropthemandmovetosomethingelse.“Wecan’talwaysbeperfectionists.GarfieldcomparesthisprocesstohisworkasacomputerscientistatNASA.“TheApolloIImoonlaunchwasslightlyoff-course90percentofthetime，”saysGarfield.“Butasuccessfullandingwasstilllikelybecauseweknewtheexactcoordinates（相配之物）ofourgoal.Thisallowedustomakeadjustmentsasnecessary.”Knowingwherewewanttogohelpsusjudgetheimportanceofeverytaskweundertake.Toooftenwebelievewhataccountsforothers‘successissomespecialsecretoraluckybreak（机遇）。Butrarelyissuccesssomysterious.Againandagain，weseethatbydoinglittlethingswithinourgraspwell，largerewardsfollow.41.Accordingtothepassage，somejobapplicantswererejected___________.A.becauseoftheircarelessnessasshownintheirfailuretopresentacleancopyofaresumeB.becauseoftheirinadequateeducationasshownintheirpoorspellinginwritingaresumeC.becausetheyfailedtogiveadetaileddescriptionoftheirbackgroundintheirApplicationsD.becausetheyeliminatedtheirnamesfromtheapplicantslistthemselves42.Theword“perfectionists”referstothosewho___________.A.demandotherstogeteverythingabsolutelyrightB.knowhowtoadjusttheirgoalsaccordingtothecircumstancesC.paytoomuchattentiontodetailsonlytolosetheirmajorobjectivesD.arecapableofachievingperfectresultsinwhatevertheydo43.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor‘sadvicetothereader？A.Althoughtoomuchattentiontodetailsmaybecostly，theyshouldnotbeoverlooked.B.Don‘tforgetdetailswhendrawingpictures.C.Beawareoftheimportanceofataskbeforeundertakingit.D.Carelessapplicantsarenottobetrusted.44.TheexampleoftheApolloIImoonlaunchisgiventoillustratethat___________.A.minormistakescanbeignoredinachievingmajorobjectivesB.failureisthemotherofsuccessC.adjustmentsarethekeytothesuccessfulcompletionofanyworkD.keepingone‘sgoalinmindhelpsindecidingwhichdetailscanbeoverlooked45.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe___________.A.Don‘tBeaPerfectionistB.ImportanceofAdjustmentsC.DetailsandMajorObjectivesD.HardWorkPlusGoodLuckPassage2Tasteissuchasubjectivematterthatwedon‘tusuallyconductpreferencetestsforfood.Themostyoucansayaboutanyone’spreference，isthatit‘soneperson’sopinion.Butbecausethetwobigcola（可口饮料）companies-Coca-ColaandPepsiColaaremarketedsoaggressively，we‘vewonderedhowbigaroletastepreferenceactuallyplaysinbrandloyalty.WesetupatastetestthatchallengedpeoplewhoidentifiedthemselvesaseitherCoca-ColaorPepsifans：Findyourbrandinablindtasting.WeinvitedstaffvolunteerswhohadastronglikingforeitherCoca-ColaClassic（传统型）orPepsi，Diet（低糖的）Coke，orDietPepsi.Thesewerepeoplewhothoughtthey‘dhavenotroubletellingtheirbrandfromtheotherbrand.Weeventuallylocated19regularcoladrinkersand27dietcoladrinkers.Thenwefedthemfourunidentifiedsamplesofcolaoneatatime，regularcolasfortheonegroup，dietversionsfortheother.WeaskedthemtotelluswhethereachsamplewasCokeorPepsi；thenweanalyzedtherecordsstatisticallytocomparetheparticipants‘choiceswithwhatmereguess-workcouldhaveaccomplished.Gettingallfoursamplesrightwasatoughtest，butnottootough，wethought，forpeoplewhobelievedtheycouldrecognizetheirbrand.Intheend，only7outof19regularcoladrinkerscorrectlyidentifiedtheirbrandofchoiceinallfourtrials.Thediet-coladrinkersdidalittleworse-only7to27identifiedallfoursamplescorrectly.Whilebothgroupsdidbetterthanchancewouldpredict，nearlyhalftheparticipantsineachgroupmadethewrongchoicetwoormoretimes.Twopeoplegotallfoursampleswrong.Overall，halftheparticipantsdidaboutaswellonthelastroundoftastingasonthefirst，sofatigue，ortasteburnoutwasnotafactor.OurpreferencetestresultssuggestthatonlyafewPepsiparticipantsandCokefansmayreallybeabletotelltheirfavoritebrandbytasteandprice.46.Accordingtothepassagethepreferencetestwasconductedinorderto___________.A.findouttheroletastepreferenceplaysinaperson‘sdrinkingB.revealwhichcolaismoretothelikingofthedrinkersC.showthataperson‘sopinionabouttasteismereguess-workD.comparetheabilityoftheparticipantsinchoosingtheirdrinks47.Thestatisticsrecordedinthepreferencetestsshow____________.A.Coca-ColaandPepsiarepeople‘stwomostfavoritedrinksB.thereisnotmuchdifferenceintastebetweenCoca-ColaandPepsiC.fewpeoplehadtroubletellingCoca-ColafromPepsiD.people‘stastesdifferfromoneanother48.Itisimpliedinthefirstparagraphthat___________.A.thepurposeoftastetestsistopromotethesaleofcolasB.theimprovementofqualityisthechiefconcernofthetwocolacompaniesC.thecompetitionbetweenthetwocolasisverystrongD.blindtastingisnecessaryforidentifyingfans49.Theword“burnout”herereferstothestateof___________.A.beingseriouslyburntintheskinB.beingunabletobumforlackoffuelC.beingbadlydamagedbyfireD.beingunabletofunctionbecauseofexcessiveuse50.Theauthor‘spurposeinwritingthispassageisto___________.A.showthattastepreferenceishighlysubjectiveB.arguethattastetestingisanimportantmarketingstrategyC.emphasizethattasteandpricearecloselyrelatedtoeachotherD.recommendthatblindtastingbeintroducedinthequalitycontrolofcolasV.词形转换。将括号里提供的词转换成适当的词形填入答题纸上相应的位置。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswitha（compound）wordderivedfromtheone（s）giveninbrackets.（10points）51.Ifwedon‘tstartoutnow，wemustrisk___________thetrain.（miss）52.Thegovernmenthasworkedoutaten-yearprogramto___________thetransportsystemofthecountry.（modern）53.Peoplewholovepeacestageda（n）_________protestagainstNATO‘sbombingsofYugoslavia.（war）54.Chinapursuesastrictpolicyof___________intheinternalaffairsofothercountries.（interfere）55.Heonlyateafew___________offoodandthenlefthomeinahurry.（mouth）56.Thepowercutlefttheroomincomplete___________.（dark）57.Beingwelltakencareofinthehospital，thepatientmadeaquick___________fromhisillness.（recover）58.Unlikehisquitebrother，heisvery___________.（talk）59.Neverindulgein___________asit‘sharmfultoyourhealth.（drink）60.Theyaredeterminedtofightracial___________.（equal）VI.句子翻译。将下列句子译成英语，译文写在答题纸上相应的位置。（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.（15points）61.聪明人能从自己的错误中吸取教训。62.那个委员会没能就这个问题达成一致意见。63.为了躲开高峰期，苏珊只得每天早上8点赶公共汽车。64.不同的民族对人权的定义有很大的不同。65.你不能指望一两个星期内就能大大提高英语口语水平。VII.作文。根据所学的一篇课文，写出150字左右的短文。（本大题共1小题，15分）Writeashortcompositionofabout150wordsbasedononeofthetextsyouhavelearnt.（15points）66.“Cultureshockmightbecalledanoccupationaldiseaseofpeoplewhohavebeensuddenlytransplantedabroad.”

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